Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has revolutionized the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory hematologic malignancies, but it comes with unique toxicities, notably cytokine release syndrome and ICANS (immune effector cell–associated neurotoxicity syndrome). As experience with CAR T-cell therapy grows, distinct and infrequent neurologic complications are becoming increasingly evident. Recently, reports of acute myelopathy after the administration of CAR T-cell therapies have been accumulating. Despite the establishment of consensus guidelines for managing ICANS, there remains limited guidance on the appropriate investigations and treatments for this rare complication. In this manuscript, we delve into the clinical features, pathophysiology, and strategies for the optimal management of acute myelitis after CAR T-cell therapy and draw insights from reported cases in the literature.
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November 14, 2024
Clinical features, pathophysiology, and management of acute myelopathy following CAR T-cell therapy
Xavier Deschênes-Simard,
Xavier Deschênes-Simard
1Cellular Therapy Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
2Adult Bone Marrow Transplant Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
3Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Bianca D. Santomasso,
Bianca D. Santomasso
4Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
5Brain Tumor Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
6Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
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Parastoo B. Dahi
Parastoo B. Dahi
1Cellular Therapy Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
2Adult Bone Marrow Transplant Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
6Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
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Blood (2024) 144 (20): 2083–2094.
Article history
Submitted:
June 10, 2024
Accepted:
August 28, 2024
First Edition:
September 3, 2024
Citation
Xavier Deschênes-Simard, Bianca D. Santomasso, Parastoo B. Dahi; Clinical features, pathophysiology, and management of acute myelopathy following CAR T-cell therapy. Blood 2024; 144 (20): 2083–2094. doi: https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2024025679
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