Leukocyte and serum lysozyme activity was determined in nine patients with acute myeloblastic or chronic myelocytic leukemia and in 20 normal control subjects. Biochemical assay and quantitative estimation of leukocyte lysozyme activity in the patients demonstrated a parallel in general between the maturity of the granulocytes and their lysozyme content. Such determinations appear to provide a quantitative index of the extent of the leukemic process in the peripheral granulocytes and therefore should be of value as a guide to prognosis in these disorders.

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