Figure 4.
Reduced lymphocyte homing may be partly due to exosome-mediated suppression of the tissue expression of integrin ligands related to gut homing. The gene expression of icam-1, vcam-1, madcam-1, ccl25, and ccl28 was analyzed by RT-qPCR using RNA extracted from the tissues of mice pretreated with mock or T exosomes (either RA– or RA+). Data from qPCR analysis were normalized to the controls that represent samples from the mock-treated mice after being normalized to a reference β-actin gene (2-ddCT). Bar graphs represent the mean ± SEM obtained from 8 to 10 reactions using the tissues from at least 2 independent homing experiments.*P = .01 to <.05; **P = .001 to <.01; ***P < .001 (vs mock). #P = .01 to <.05; ##P = .001 to <.01; ###P < .001 (vs RA–).

Reduced lymphocyte homing may be partly due to exosome-mediated suppression of the tissue expression of integrin ligands related to gut homing. The gene expression of icam-1, vcam-1, madcam-1, ccl25, and ccl28 was analyzed by RT-qPCR using RNA extracted from the tissues of mice pretreated with mock or T exosomes (either RA– or RA+). Data from qPCR analysis were normalized to the controls that represent samples from the mock-treated mice after being normalized to a reference β-actin gene (2-ddCT). Bar graphs represent the mean ± SEM obtained from 8 to 10 reactions using the tissues from at least 2 independent homing experiments.*P = .01 to <.05; **P = .001 to <.01; ***P < .001 (vs mock). #P = .01 to <.05; ##P = .001 to <.01; ###P < .001 (vs RA–).

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