Dwell time of IP/SC delivered thawed and heat-inactivated BM-MSCs are compromised. (A) Longitudinal in vivo images of representative mice are shown at selected time points. Bioluminescence (BL) is symbolized by pseudocolored heat maps in which values in scale bars are photons/s/cm²/sr. BL was assessed in mice receiving fresh culture-rescued BM-MSC (A,E), cryopreserved BM-MSC (B,F), or HI-BM-MSC (C,G) via IP (A-C) or SC (E-G) on the indicated days of postcell injection. (D,H) BL was measured from all in vivo ROIs at each time point as total flux (photons per second). The graph shows averages ± SEM from 3 independent experiments, N = 5 mice per group per experiment. *P < .05, **P < .01, ****P < .0001 using Student t test. ns, not significant.