Pretreatment My-DST results before treatment correlate with the subsequent depth and duration of clinical response. (A) The proportional combination effect (“My-DST Comb” from Table 1) vs the depth of clinical response after 4 cycles of treatment. True positives were defined as when the combined ex vivo effect was <50% and the clinical response was at least a PR (50% decrease). True negatives were defined as when the combined ex vivo effect was >50% and a PR was not achieved. (B) Depth of clinical response in newly diagnosed patients relative to the goals of a very good PR (VGPR, 90% decrease) and a CR (dotted lines) after receiving 4 cycles^† of induction treatment categorized by the number of ex vivo sensitive drugs in My-DST. (C) Depth of clinical response in relapsed patients relative to the clinical goals of PR and CR (dotted lines) after receiving 4 cycles of treatment in the next LOT categorized by the number of ex vivo sensitive drugs in My-DST. (D) EFS was significantly longer on post–My-DST treatment of newly diagnosed patients treated when they received at least 2 drugs classified as sensitive according to My-DST. (E) Similarly, EFS for patients who were treated after My-DST was significantly longer in the relapsed setting when patients received at least 2 drugs classified by My-DST as sensitive. Clinical responses were measured after 4 subsequent treatment cycles, except in patient #847, who was assessed after 2 cycles due to subsequently changing treatment regimens. EFS data represent time to progression or change in therapy due to inadequate response. Data points are labeled with sample numbers for patients with notably less ex vivo or clinical responses, whereas the others are removed for clarity. Data represent means ± SD; comparisons were made with analysis of variance (B), Student t test (C), and Cox proportional hazard models to determine HR (D-E). *P < .05; **P < .01. EV, ex vivo; ns, not significant.