Lymphocyte subsets in autoimmunity. (A) Significantly lower total lymphocyte counts were observed in patients with autoimmunity compared with patients without autoimmune manifestations (P = .017). In particular, levels of CD3⁺ (P = .0078) and CD3⁺CD4⁺ (P = .0077) T cells were significantly lower in patients with autoimmunity. CD3⁺CD8⁺ T-cell counts were also lower in the group with autoimmunity, but the difference was not statistically significant (P = .1119), whereas B-cell levels were comparable between the 2 groups (P = .245). (B) Within the T-cell compartment, patients with autoimmune manifestations showed a significantly lower percentage of naïve T-cell CD4⁺CD45RA⁺CD27⁺ (P = .0159) and a correspondingly higher percentage of memory T-cell CD4⁺CD45RA⁻CD27⁺ (P = .0195). *P < .05; **P < .01. n.s., not significant.