Pathways involved in Bcr-Abl signalling.

A large number of Bcr-Abl substrates and associated proteins have been identified, a selection of which are shown here. For some of these both the active (solid) and the inactive (punctuated) forms are illustrated. Inhibition of individual pathways by targeting proteins downstream of Bcr-Abl (e.g. Grb-2, Ras, PI-3 kinase) may be effective to suppress individual aspects of the CML cell phenotype, although the redundancy of the system may work against the therapeutic success of such strategies.