Induction of chemokine production, but not degranulation, by stimulation of BMMCs with poly(I:C) in vitro. BMMCs were stimulated with 10 μg/mL poly(I:C) for 48 hours, supernatants were collected, and concentrations of indicated cytokines were measured by ELISA. MIP-1β (A), RANTES (B), KC (C), IL-13 (D), IL-6 (E), and MCP-1 (F) were measured in supernatants from poly(I:C)–treated BMMCs (▩) or left untreated (□). BMMCs were generated from 4 mice (^*P < .05; ^**P < .001). Stimulation with 100 ng/mL LPS (D-F; ▦) was used as positive control. (G) Degranulation of BMMCs was induced by PMA and ionomycin (IO), and by IgE plus antigen (AG), but not by poly(I:C), as assessed by measuring released β-hexosaminidase in supernatants. BMMCs generated from 3 mice were analyzed in 3 independent experiments (data derived from one representative experiment; ^*P < .05).