Influence of P2 receptor antagonists and the cAMP pathway on IL-12 and IL-23 expression. MoDCs were left untreated or were stimulated with E coli in the absence or presence of ATP (250 μM). Where indicated, MoDCs were pretreated with suramin or PPADS. To assess the influence of the cAMP pathway on cytokine expression, MoDCs were stimulated in the presence of PGE₂ or forskolin. (A) IL-12p40 and (B) IL-12p70 levels were measured by ELISA. (C) IL-23p19 expression was analyzed by RT-qPCR Mean ± SEM of 5 to 7 different experiments are shown. *P = .01.