Apoptotic signaling pathways triggered by conventional and novel therapies. Fas/FasL, TRAIL, Thal/IMiDs, and HDAC inhibitors trigger activation of caspase-8, whereas Dex activates caspase-9. Bortezomib (Velcade) and 2ME-2 induce both caspase-8 and -9 activation. Both IL-6 and IGF-1 inhibit caspase-9/caspase-3 apoptotic signaling via activation of Akt signaling.