TNF signaling pathway deregulation in MF tumorigenesis. A combination of antiapoptotic signaling by TNFR1, propelled by up-regulation of TRAF1 and BIRC/IAP proteins and inhibition of proapoptotic TNFR1 signaling by BIRC1/BIRC3 caspase inactivation. TNFR2 antiapoptotic signaling is active due to the overexpression of TRAF1 and BIRC3. Meanwhile, CD40L/TNFSF5 overexpression may induce T-cell proliferation via CD40 receptor and TRAF1. Overexpression of IL2R activates Jak2 and STAT4 and subsequently induces expression of oncogenes c-MYC, LYN, and HCK. Oncogene LYN and HCK participate in a feedback loop of TNF antiapoptotic TNF signaling by producing endogenous TNF, thereby autostimulating TNFR1 and TNFR2 antiapoptotic pathways. Genes up-regulated in MF cases are indicated by red text label, whereas green text labels indicate down-regulated genes.