High frequencies of HTLV-1 Env- and Tax-specific CD4⁺ T cells in patients with HAM/TSP.

Elispot assays were carried out to compare the frequencies of IFN-γ-producing HTLV-1 Env- and Tax-specific CD4⁺ T cells in patients with HAM/TSP, asymptomatic carriers (AC), and uninfected controls (Un). Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Horizontal bar indicates median frequency.