HIF-1α accumulation patterns induced by low versus high NO donor concentrations.

LLC-PK₁ cells were treated with vehicle, 100 μM GSNO, or 1 mM GSNO (A,B). After 1, 2, or 4 hours, HIF-1α accumulation was detected by Western blot analysis. To directly compare HIF-1α accumulation induced by 100 μM or 1 mM GSNO, samples of corresponding time points were loaded next to each other (B). (C) LLC-PK₁cells were exposed to 100 μM or 1 mM GSNO (“G”), spermine-NO (“S”), or Dea-NO (“D”) for 2 hours, and HIF-1α accumulation is shown by Western blot analysis. Blots are representative for at least 3 independent experiments.