IL-1 and TNFα up-regulate the stromal cell and osteoblast production of IL-7.

Purified human bone marrow stromal cells (▪) and osteoblasts (■) (see “Materials and methods”) were stimulated with IL-1 (1 ng/mL) and TNFα (20 ng/mL), alone or in combination. IL-1 and TNFα stimulation of IL-7 secretion was measured by ELISA. Data points are shown as average + SD of 3 replicate samples measured in duplicate.