Adenoviral IκB- transfer inhibits TNF-–induced endothelial adhesion molecule and chemokine mRNA expression. Cells were left untreated, infected with rAd.IκB-, and/or stimulated with TNF- (100 U/mL) for 4 hours. RT-PCR was performed using specific primers for ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin (A); for MCP-1 and GRO- (B); and for β-actin. Quantification was perfomed by HPLC analysis, and mRNA expression was reported as the percentage of β-actin serving as an internal standard. Data are the mean ± SD of three separate experiments.