Effect of AE on apoptosis of patient MM cells. Freshly isolated MM cells were exposed to the AE TAM, 4HTAM, or ICI (5.0 μmol/L) as well as to E2 (5.0 μmol/L) for 72 hours. Apoptosis was determined by PI staining and FACS analysis. The percentages of cells within the apoptosis gate are shown.