![Richardson Figure 10. (in Harousseau et al). Interaction of multiple myeloma (MM) cells and their bone marrow (BM) milieu. Binding of MM cells to BM stem cells (BMSCs) triggers adhesion- and cytokine-mediated MM cell growth, survival, drug resistance, and migration. / MM cell binding to BM stromal cells induces activation of p42/44 MAPK and NF-κB in BM stromal cells. Activation of NF-κB upregulates adhesion molecules on both MM cells and BM stromal cells. Cytokines secreted from MM cells induce interleukin (IL)-6 secretion (tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNFα], vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]) and NF-κB activation (TNFα). Cytokines secreted from BM stromal cells activate major signaling pathways (p42/44 MAPK, JAK/STAT3, and/or PI3-K/Akt) and their downstream targets.](https://ash.silverchair-cdn.com/ash/content_public/journal/hematology/2004/1/10.1182_asheducation-2004.1.503/4/harousseau_fig10color.jpeg?Expires=1722771701&Signature=RYidSFYpZyVmhx8N1IyvJVmAJxPAWv2lUTFTrOm0ZkSCohxBYgT6BaxU2S4PsOVxJf~hYSyQR5v5k5xHfUzkWjnIUGqRIswITi4m0JugQbKfUeROHLUN0zbv-gbyT3NsD3R3X0rV8LtDDDOxQ2O7YX1BOSkUwCGBUU4~VUCeNzMPjB4tw~0NRiIuZz1Ctf4LurnyHsasrMcPsVafcFBldKzcsLQNo9X3bAICcYFvlDtUV~wP9usYjS7lHMI~D6miZZ-Jil8evSJ5pTlbzI74wSwWOxUq0GQHMogfCD0I3gDRrs3d-dptbPCIMawtVHF03ytRBhZGvKQ57BDoC9arNA__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIE5G5CRDK6RD3PGA)
(in Harousseau et al). Interaction of multiple myeloma (MM) cells and their bone marrow (BM) milieu. Binding of MM cells to BM stem cells (BMSCs) triggers adhesion- and cytokine-mediated MM cell growth, survival, drug resistance, and migration.
MM cell binding to BM stromal cells induces activation of p42/44 MAPK and NF-κB in BM stromal cells. Activation of NF-κB upregulates adhesion molecules on both MM cells and BM stromal cells. Cytokines secreted from MM cells induce interleukin (IL)-6 secretion (tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNFα], vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]) and NF-κB activation (TNFα). Cytokines secreted from BM stromal cells activate major signaling pathways (p42/44 MAPK, JAK/STAT3, and/or PI3-K/Akt) and their downstream targets.
