RV + BTZ treatment leads to significant immune modulation, memory cell generation, and reverses myeloma-induced immune suppression. Mouse spleens and BM of the long-term survival experiment (Figure 6B) were harvested whenever they depicted extreme morbidity. Cells were immunophenotyped for CD8⁺, CD4⁺ T cells, NKT, and Treg and T- effector memory cells. Dot plots representing CD8⁺ T cell (A), CD4⁺ T cell (B), CD3⁺CD49b⁺ NKG2D⁺NKT cell (C), and Foxp3⁺CD4⁺ Treg cell (D) percent of lymphocytes. N = 6; ***P < .001, **P < .01, *P < .05, Conover’s test. (E-G) Dot plots representing TAMs and MDSCs. (E) CD45⁺CD11b⁺Ly6Clow Ly6G⁻ TAMs. (F) CD45⁺CD11b⁺Ly6G⁺ PMNC MDSCs. (G) CD45⁺CD11b⁺Ly6C⁺ monocytic origin MDSCs. N = 6; ***P < .001, **P < .01, *P < .05, Conover’s test. (H) Myeloma tumor burden of treated cohorts assessed by M-spike. N = 6; ***P < .001, **P < .01, *P < .05, Conover’s test. Bar plots depicting BM (I) and splenic (J) memory T cells analyzed by flow cytometry. N = 4; ***P < .001, **P < .01, *P < .05, Conover’s test. PMNC, polymorphonuclear.