TTP indicates time to progression; VGPR, very good partial response or better; PAD, bortezomib-adriamicyn-dexamethasone (in this schedule, P stands for bortezomib); BCD, bortezomib-cyclophosphamide-dexamethasone; BTD, bortezomib-thalidomide-dexamethasone; BLD, bortezomib-lenalidomide-dexamethasone; BTD-PACE, bortezomib-thalidomide-dexamethasone and cisplatin-doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide-etoposide; LP, lenalidomide-prednisone; qod, every other day; L, lenalidomide; B, bortezomib; BMP, bortezomib-melphalan-prednisone; BMPT, bortezomib-melphalan-prednisone-thalidomide; BT, bortezomib-thalidomide; BP, bortezomib-prednisone; CLd, carfilzomib, lenolidomide, and low-dose dexamethasone; Mel, melphalan; CR, complete response; PFS, progression-free survival; EFS, event-free survival; OS, overall survival; BD, bortezomib-dexamethasone; LD, lenalidomide plus high-dose dexamethasone; Ld, lenalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone; MPT, melphalan-prednisone-thalidomide; and MPL, melphalan-prednisone-lenalidomide.

*In per-protocol population.

†Percentage at 2 years.

‡Alternative BMP schedule¹¹  was B 1.3 mg/m² days 1, 8, 15, 22; M 9 mg/m² days 1-4; P 50 mg/m² days 1-4.