Schematic representation of STAT5 activation in CML ands strategies of STAT5 inhibition. BCR-ABL phosphorylates STAT5 at a critical Tyrosine (Y) residue close to SH2 domain, with subsequent dimerization and nuclear translocation of STAT5:STAT5 dimers, which bind to DNA at consensus sequences of the target gene promoters. PMZ indicates Pimozide; TKI, tyrosine kinase inhibitors; SH2i, STAT5 inhibitors targeting SH2 domain; and JAK2i, Jak2 inhibitors.