IL-27 induction of IFN-α and IFN-β supports APOBEC3A/G expression and inhibition of HIV. (A) PBMC were treated with IL-27 at 100 ng/mL for 30 minutes to 24 hours. RNA was reverse transcribed to cDNA, and amplification was performed using Taqman expression array for IFN-α1. Inset: Supernatants from IL-27–treated (100 and 200 ng/mL) macrophages at indicated times were tested for IFN-α by ELISA (representative data, n = 3). (B) RNA from PBMC treated with IL-27 at 100 ng/mL for 30 minutes to 24 hours was reverse transcribed and amplification performed for IFN-β in parallel with GAPDH. (C) Macrophages were treated with indicated concentrations of IFN-β for 4 hours, and induction of APOBEC3A and APOBEC3G (inset) determined by RT-PCR (n = 2). (D) Macrophage cultures were exposed to HIV for 2 hours, washed, replenished with DMEM containing 10% FCS, and treated with IFN-α (1-100 ng/mL) or IFN-β (1-100 ng/mL). Cells were refed every 3 to 4 days with 10% DMEM. Virus replication was measured by p24 ELISA at day 10 postinfection (n = 3).