Failure to respond to thalidomide or lenalidomide induction leads to shorter posttransplantation progression-free survival (PFS). (A) PFS from day 0 of transplantation, based on response status at transplantation. Medians are 22.1, 15.1, and 12.0 months for plateau (n = 232), refractory (n = 29), and relapse on therapy (n = 25), respectively (P < .001). (B) PFS from day 0 of transplantation, based on response status at transplantation and comparing plateau with refractory and relapsing combined. Medians are 22.1 months for plateau (n = 232) and 13.1 months for refractory or relapsing (n = 54) (P < .001).