Epo-induction in rhesus macques. (A) Circulating plasma Epo levels after a single oral dose of FG-2216. The 4 top lines (closed shapes) represent 4 animals receiving a single dose of 60 mg/kg, the middle 2 lines (open shapes) represent phlebotomized animals without drug, and the bottom line (open triangle) represents 1 animal without phlebotomy or drug. Epo levels (mIU/mL) in logarithmic scale are plotted against time points before and after drug dosing. (B) Maximal plasma Epo levels in rhesus macaques after a single oral dose of FG-2216. Each data point represents the peak plasma Epo value from 1 monkey. Treatment groups included placebo (n = 2), FG-2216 at 40 mg/kg (n = 3) or 60 mg/kg (n = 4), 60 mg/kg with phlebotomy (60 + ph; n = 3), or 15% to 20% blood volume phlebotomy alone (placebo + ph; n = 2). Epo levels (mIU/mL) in logarithmic scale are plotted against treatment cohorts.