The expansion FluM1-specific CD8⁺ T cells in LAIV-vaccinated humanized mice. (A) LAIV vaccine was given intraperitoneally/intravenously; TT vaccine was used as the control. (B) At day 12 after vaccination, the frequency of CD8⁺ T cells binding FluM1-tetramer and HIVgag-tetramer in the blood was analyzed by flow cytometry. Analysis gates are set for high intensity tetramer staining. Representative data from an experiment with 3 mice vaccinated with LAIV or TT. (C) The frequency of FluM1-specific CD8⁺ T cells in the blood at day 12 after vaccination from 4 experiments with 4 different donors. Two-tailed nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. (D) The frequency of CD8⁺ T cells binding FluM1-tetramer and HIVgag-tetramer in the spleen and lungs at day 14 after vaccination. (E) The frequency of FluM1-tetramer⁺ CD8⁺ T cells in the blood correlates with their frequency in the spleen (Spearman correlation, P < .001) and (F) in the lung (Spearman correlation, P < .001).