Figure 5
Figure 5. Subcutaneous transplantation of human BMMSCs rescues bone loss. (A) Micro-computed tomography analysis revealed that the third lumbar vertebra in transplant recipient mice (Transplant, lower panels) at 10 months after transplantation showed increase in trabecular bone volume compared with that of age-matched control mice (Control, top panels). B indicates vertebral body; Sp, spinosus process of vertebra. *Vertebral foramen. (B) Bone mineral density (BMD) of femurs in recipient mice (Transplant, n = 3) was significantly improved compared with age-matched controls (Control, n = 3), as assessed by dual X-ray absorptiometry analysis. Bars represent SD. (C) Bone morphologic analysis demonstrated increase in bone volume versus total volume (BV/TV) and trabecular number (Tb.N) and decrease in trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) in recipient mice (Transplant, n = 3) compared with the controls (Control, n = 3). Bars represent SD. (D) The number of TRAP-positive cells (arrows) decreased in the vertebral body of recipient mice (Transplant, n = 3) compared with control mice (Control, n = 3). Original magnification ×400. Bars represent SD. (E) ELISA assay revealed that serum sRANKL and C-terminal telopeptides type I collagen were decreased in recipient mice (Transplant, n = 3) compared with control mice (Control, n = 3). However, OPG was markedly increased in the recipient mice. Bars represent SD. (F) The number of CFU-F of BMMSCs derived from the recipient mice (Transplant, n = 3) increased compared with the age-matched control (Control, n = 3). Bars represent SD. (G) The proliferation of recipient BMMSCs (Transplant, n = 3) was significantly increased compared with the control group (n = 3), as determined by BrdU incorporation assay. Bars represent SD. (H) The population doublings of BMMSCs from recipient mice (Transplant, n = 3) were significantly increased compared with control mice (Control, n = 3). Bars represent SD. (I) Alizarin red staining showed that BMMSCs derived from recipient mice (Transplant, n = 3) had higher calcium accumulation than that from control mice (Control, n = 3) under osteogenic conditions. Bars represent SD.

Subcutaneous transplantation of human BMMSCs rescues bone loss. (A) Micro-computed tomography analysis revealed that the third lumbar vertebra in transplant recipient mice (Transplant, lower panels) at 10 months after transplantation showed increase in trabecular bone volume compared with that of age-matched control mice (Control, top panels). B indicates vertebral body; Sp, spinosus process of vertebra. *Vertebral foramen. (B) Bone mineral density (BMD) of femurs in recipient mice (Transplant, n = 3) was significantly improved compared with age-matched controls (Control, n = 3), as assessed by dual X-ray absorptiometry analysis. Bars represent SD. (C) Bone morphologic analysis demonstrated increase in bone volume versus total volume (BV/TV) and trabecular number (Tb.N) and decrease in trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) in recipient mice (Transplant, n = 3) compared with the controls (Control, n = 3). Bars represent SD. (D) The number of TRAP-positive cells (arrows) decreased in the vertebral body of recipient mice (Transplant, n = 3) compared with control mice (Control, n = 3). Original magnification ×400. Bars represent SD. (E) ELISA assay revealed that serum sRANKL and C-terminal telopeptides type I collagen were decreased in recipient mice (Transplant, n = 3) compared with control mice (Control, n = 3). However, OPG was markedly increased in the recipient mice. Bars represent SD. (F) The number of CFU-F of BMMSCs derived from the recipient mice (Transplant, n = 3) increased compared with the age-matched control (Control, n = 3). Bars represent SD. (G) The proliferation of recipient BMMSCs (Transplant, n = 3) was significantly increased compared with the control group (n = 3), as determined by BrdU incorporation assay. Bars represent SD. (H) The population doublings of BMMSCs from recipient mice (Transplant, n = 3) were significantly increased compared with control mice (Control, n = 3). Bars represent SD. (I) Alizarin red staining showed that BMMSCs derived from recipient mice (Transplant, n = 3) had higher calcium accumulation than that from control mice (Control, n = 3) under osteogenic conditions. Bars represent SD.

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