Kaplan-Meier survival curves. (A) Overall survival. (B) Event-free survivals (EFS) according to assignment to study arm. EFS for arm B is superior to EFS for arm A (P = .0068). (C) EFS for patients who remained event-free at day 180 after transplantation and received thalidomide maintenance had improved EFS compared with patients who did not receive thalidomide (P = .0089).