Survival outcomes after starting thalidomide therapy. (A) Overall and event-free survival for all 169 patients. At 6 years, 18% of the original 169 enrolled were alive and 8% event-free. (B) Overall and event-free survival according to cumulative thalidomide dose consumed within the first 3 months from protocol start. Patients whose cumulative thalidomide dose exceeded 42 g within 90 days of enrollment had significantly longer OS and EFS. (C) Overall and event-free survival comparisons according to the presence of cytogenetic abnormalities detected within 3 months before protocol enrollment. Patients without cytogenetic abnormalities (CA) enjoyed superior overall and event-free survival. (D) Overall and event-free survival according to the number of independent adverse parameters present before protocol enrollment (cytogenetic abnormalities (CA), λ light chain). Overall survival and event-free survival were superior in patients lacking cytogenetic abnormalities and exhibiting κ light chain isotypes.