Time-dependent behavior of indicators of RBC oxidative damage in G6PD-normal subjects, G6PD-deficient heterozygous females, and G6PD-deficient hemizygous males after ingestion of high-V/C FBs (normal subjects) and low-V/C FBs (G6PD-deficient subjects). G6PD-normal controls (left panels; N = 9), G6PD-deficient heterozygous subjects (central panels, N = 7), and hemizygous subjects (right panels, N = 7) ingested 500 g/70 kg body weight freshly homogenized raw dehulled FBs at time 0. The G6PD-normal subjects ingested high-V/C FBs (average content of V/C in raw seeds: 4.75 g/kg wet weight) and low-V/C FBs (Divine cultivar, average content of V/C in raw seeds: 0.16 g/kg wet weight); the heterozygous and hemizygous G6PD-deficient subjects ingested low-V/C FBs. Blood was drawn via a cubital vein catheter within the Alghero Hospital setting under constant medical supervision immediately before the FB meal (time 0) and during the whole duration of the study as indicated. Indicators of RBC oxidative damage were measured time dependently as indicated: (A) intracellular GSH²³ ; (B) RBC deformability by RBC filtration²⁴ ; (C) membrane-bound hemichromes by luminescence-based heme quantification²⁴ ; (D) membrane bound 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) conjugates by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)²⁵ ; (E) membrane-bound complement fragments C3c by FACS²⁴ ; (F) membrane-bound autologous immunoglobulin G (IgG) by FACS.²⁴  Mean values ± SD of 9 or 7 subjects as indicated. Data analyzed by Student t test. Symbols (*, #) indicate significantly different from time 0 value.**P < .005; *P < .01; ^#P < .05. For hematological data, see supplemental Tables 1-3 and supplemental Figure 1.