Long-term follow-up of a demonstrative patient who became refractory to all TKI treatments. Follow-up for 88 months of a newly diagnosed CP-CML patient. Since diagnosis, this patient had no detectable BCR-ABL mutation, had an intermediate Sokal, and received dasatinib as first-line therapy. BM and PB samples were harvested after 26 months of treatment (still in CCyR) then upon resistance after 41, 53, 76, and 88 months after diagnosis. Follow-up of transcriptional expression was performed for BCR-ABL (A), TWIST-1 (B), and BMPR1b (C) genes in MNC- or CD34⁺-selected cells, as indicated on the graphs. Results from each analyzed sample are expressed in arbitrary units. (D) Cell membrane expression of BMPR1b was analyzed by flow cytometry on CD34⁺ or CD34⁺CD38⁻ selected cells. (E) ELISA quantification of BMP2 and BMP4 in BM plasma at the indicated time of harvest. Results from each sample are expressed in picograms per milliliter. (F) Follow-up of transcriptional expression was performed for BMP2 and BMP4 genes in mesenchymal stem cells isolated from BM harvested after 53, 76, and 88 months after diagnosis. Follow-up of transcriptional expression was performed for BMP4 (G) and BMP2 (H) genes in MNC- or CD34⁺-selected cells, as indicated on the graphs.