Combinations of venetoclax with either romidepsin or vorinostat demonstrate synergy in patient-derived cultures. (A) Viability curves for venetoclax, vorinostat, and their combination for patient 11. After 72 hours of incubation, the viability curves and the CI were calculated using the Chou-Talalay median-effect equation. Means of the quadruplicates are shown with standard deviations. (B) Viability curves for venetoclax, romidepsin, and their combination for patient 11. (C) CI and fitted curves for the combination of venetoclax and vorinostat for patient 11. (D) CI and fitted curves for the combination of venetoclax and romidepsin for patient 11. (E) Caspase-3/7 activation after 24 hours of incubation of the cell culture derived from patient 11 with venetoclax, vorinostat, romidepsin, and their combinations. All concentrations were studied in quadruplicate and plotted are the means with their respective standard deviations. (F) A significant increase in activation of caspase is seen in higher concentration combinations. Effects are similar for combinations of venetoclax with either vorinostat and romidepsin.