IL-1RA in combination with NIL inhibits inflammatory signaling in CML LSC. CML LTHSC (Lin-CD34⁺CD38⁻CD90⁺ cells) were cultured in CML BM CM in the presence of IL-1RA, NIL, or combination of IL-RA and NIL for 24 hours. The expression of p- NF-κB p65 (A), p38 MAPK (B), p-JNK (C), and p-Crkl (D) by flow cytometry is shown. Nuclear localization of NF-κB p65 protein in stem cells treated with IL-1RA, NIL, or the combination of IL-1RA and NIL was evaluated by immunofluorescence analysis (E). Results represent mean ± SEM. Significance values: *P < .05; **P < .01; ***P < .001, 1-way ANOVA. DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole.