UV-HSV-1 rapidly stimulates the cytolytic activity of PBMCs in a TLR-2/NK-κB–dependent manner. (A-B) PBMCs from 2 healthy donors were exposed to UV-HSV-1 (0.1 pfu/PBMC) for 1, 4, and 16 hours, and their cytolytic activity against OCI-AML3 cells at the indicated effector:target ratios was determined. *P < .01 from time 0. (C) PBMCs from 3 healthy donors, or purified NK cells from 1 donor (donor M), were exposed to UV-HSV-1 (0.1 pfu/cell for 16 hours), ±anti–TLR-2 antibody (clone TL2.1; 10 µg/mL for donors B and L, 15 μg/mL for donors F and M), or cycloheximide (CHX; 10 µg/mL), and their cytolytic activity (30:1 effector:target) against OCI-AML3 cells was determined. *P < .05 from UV-HSV-1 alone; **P < .01 from UV-HSV-1 alone. (D) Healthy PBMCs were exposed to UV-HSV-1 (0.1 pfu/PBMC for 16 hours), ±1 μM Bay-11-7082, and their cytolytic activity (30:1 effector:target) against OCI-AML3 cells was determined. *P < .01 from unexposed PBMCs; **P < .01 from PBMC + UV-HSV-1. (E) Purified NK cells were exposed or not to UV-HSV-1 (0.1 pfu/PBMC for 16 hours), ±1 μM Bay-11-7082, and their cytolytic activity (10:1 effector:target) against OCI-AML3 cells was determined. *P < .01 from unexposed PBMCs; **P < .01 from PBMC + UV-HSV-1. (F-G) Purified NK cells were exposed, or not, to UV-HSV-1 for 60 minutes, and the cellular localization of the NF-κB p65 subunit was determined by fluorescent immunohistochemistry. Bar graph represents manual scoring of translocation from ≥500 cells and 6 different fields. *P < .0005 from unexposed PBMCs. White bar on images indicates 100-μm interval.