Kaplan-Meier survival estimates according to remission status at the time of transplant. Minimal residual disease (MRD)-neg complete remission (CR): 22 patients (51%) had disease in complete remission without minimal residual disease (AML, n = 12; ALL, n = 8; MDS, n = 2). MRD-pos CR: 14 patients (33%) were in morphologic remission but had evidence of minimal residual disease by virtue of flow cytometry, cytogenetic analysis, or fluorescence in situ hybridization (AML, n = 5; ALL, n = 5; MDS, n = 3; chronic myeloid leukemia [CML], n = 1). Other: 7 patients (16%) had >5% marrow blasts or detectable lymphoma (MDS, n = 4; CML, n = 2; non-Hodgkin lymphoma, n = 1). (A) Progression-free survival. (B) Overall survival. Comparing patients with MRD-positive CR to those with MRD-negative CR, progression-free survival and overall survival were statistically significantly different (P = .002 and P = .009, respectively).