LCN2 promotes the proliferation of MF hematopoietic cells but suppresses normal BM cell proliferation. (A) The addition of increasing doses of LCN2 increased MF CD34⁺ cell numbers (n = 7) but not normal BM CD34⁺ cell numbers (n = 6) (repeated-measures ANOVA F test, adjusted for normal BM vs MF; **P < .01). (B) LCN2 reduced normal BM CFU-GM–derived colony formation (repeated-measures ANOVA F test; P = .001 and P < .05; n = 6). (C) LCN2 promoted colony formation derived from MF burst-forming unit–erythroid (BFU-E) (repeated-measures ANOVA F test; P = .02 and P = .009; n = 11). CFU-GM, colony-forming unit–granulocyte-macrophage.