During systemic inflammation B cells accumulate in the bone marrow prior to full onset of emergency granulopoiesis. (A) Representative flow plots and IgD⁺ bone marrow cell numbers following IFA and lethal dose₉₀ cecal puncture as compared with PBS or sham mice. Data are pooled from 3 independent experiments and each point indicates an individual mouse. The bar represents the population mean. (B) IgD⁺ cell numbers plotted over time. The experiment was repeated twice, n = 5 at each time point and error bars are SD. (C) Immature B cells (CD19⁺IgD⁻IgM⁺CD93⁺), and pro-/pre-B (CD19⁺IgD⁻IgM⁻CD93⁺) were enumerated. Data are pooled from 4 (IFA) or 2 independent experiments (cecal puncture). (D). Granulocyte progenitors and mature neutrophils were followed in a time course. The experiment was repeated twice, n = 5 at each time point and error bars are SD. ^★P ≤ .05; ^★★P ≤ .01; ^★★★P ≤ .001 by unpaired Student t test, or 1-way ANOVA and Dunnett post test.