Evaluation of benign and malignant T cells in skin lesions before and after resiquimod therapy using HTS TCR analysis. DNA was isolated from lesional skin before and after resiquimod therapy and analyzed by HTS TCR-β analysis. HTS results before (A,C) and after (B,D) resiquimod therapy for 2 patients with a complete response are shown. This technique allows identification and quantification of the malignant T-cell clone as well as measurement of the exact number, diversity, relative proportions, and sequences of all T cells in the sample. (E,F) Clinical images of a treated lesion from patient 11 are shown. V, variable.