Exome sequencing identifies c-Kit mutation in leukemic transformation. (A) Schematic overview of workflow for exome sequencing. (B) Comparison of variant allele frequencies (VAFs) of four non-synonymous AML-specific variants in primary and secondary disease. The VAFs approximate 50% in secondary recipients, indicative of a clonal disease. (C) Independent Sanger sequencing validation of AML-specific mutations in primary and secondary disease. The mutations are identifiable (but not dominant) in the sequencing traces of the primary disease, whereas they are found in equal proportion to the WT allele in the secondary mice.