Ibrutinib inhibits AML proliferation. (A) AML blasts, AML cell lines, and CD34⁺ control cells were treated with 0.5, 1, 5, and 10 µM ibrutinib, and colony-forming assays were performed to show the number of colonies or colony-forming cells (CFC). Data were normalized to DMSO-treated cells. (B) Primary AML blasts (n = 6) were pretreated with increasing doses of ibrutinib (0.01-1 µM) for 1 hour and then treated with GM-CSF (10 ng/mL), IL-3 (10 ng/mL), SCF (50 ng/mL), or TNF (10 ng/mL) for 72 hours and then assessed by Cell TitreGlo. Data were normalized to DMSO-treated cells.