Inhibition of BMP signaling is independent of STAT3 phosphorylation in HepG2 cells. Hepatocarcinoma cells (HepG2) were treated with and without LDN-193189 (100 nM). Thirty minutes later, cells were stimulated without or with BMP6 (5 ng/mL) or IL-6 (100 ng/mL) for an additional 30 minutes and harvested. Levels of phosphorylated STAT3 (P-STAT3), total STAT3, phosphorylated SMAD1/5 (P-SMAD1/5), total SMAD1, and GAPDH were detected on different immunoblots using the same samples. Experiments were performed 3 times, with the representative results shown.