Outcome of HR-ALL children eligible for HSCT in first remission and treated with HSCT or chemotherapy only. Patients are divided in 3 subgroups by transplant indications (see also Table 2): 72 PPR patients eligible for HSCT because of ≥100 000 WBC or T-cell or pro–B-cell immunophenotype or MRD ≥10−2 at TP1, of whom 12 underwent HSCT (panels A and B for DFS and survival, respectively); 92 patients eligible for HSCT because of MRD level 10−3 at TP2 or t(4;11) and prednisone good response of whom 28 underwent HSCT (panels C and D for DFS and survival); and 62 patients eligible for HSCT because of MRD level ≥10−2 at TP2 or no CR after induction IA or t(4;11) and prednisone poor response, of whom 41 underwent HSCT (panels E and F for DFS and survival). The curves were adjusted for waiting time to transplantation, so that the 0 on the time axis corresponds to the median time from first CR to HSCT (5.7 months); patients were assigned to the treatment group in a time-dependent fashion. Patients with relapses or deaths occurring before the median waiting time to transplant thus are not counted. HSCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
