The microenvironment and novel targets in AR-DLBCL. Schematic representation of the microenvironment and potential novel targets in AR-DLBCL. Liapis and colleagues found differences in angiogenesis and the tumor microenvironment in cases of AR-DLBCL compared with sporadic cases. Specifically, they show that AR-DLBCL has PDL1 expression on tumor cells, increased hyperproliferation and c-Myc rearrangements, reduced CD4⁺ and FOXP3⁺ T cells, and increased activated CD8⁺ T cells. Moreover, there was more angiogenesis and higher numbers of CD8⁺ T cells in patients with AR-DLBCL expressing LMP1 and/or p24 compared with cases lacking viral antigens which has some implications for therapies to augment the immune response and/or targeting the vasculature. Therefore, as shown in this figure, potential therapeutic targets for this disease include T cells targeting EBV proteins LMP1 and LMP2 as well as antibodies and inhibitors of Myc, VEGF, and PD1.