Viral evolution associated with VRX496 antisense. (A) The HIV genome showing the antisense-targeted region and the positions of amplicons used for deep-sequencing analysis. Note that each of the 2 amplicons query both antisense-targeted bases and adjacent nontarget bases. (B) P values comparing the enrichment of each type of base substitution in the antisense target region in VRX496-exposed patients with control ATI patients. For each patient, the proportion of reads with at least 5% of the indicated substitution (the starting base is shown to the left, the substituted base on top) was scored. Mean values of these proportions were compared between the VRX496-exposed and control ATI groups using the Mann-Whitney test. (C) P values comparing VRX496-exposed and ATI control patients using measurements derived from the difference in rates of each base substitution between the antisense-targeted region and the adjacent antisense-nontargeted region within each patient. P values were determined using the Mann-Whitney test.