IL-7 shows minimal effect on viral production in CD4⁺T cells from virally suppressed subjects. (A) Viral production in cell-culture supernatants of CD4⁺ T cells isolated from subjects receiving ART and stimulated with 10 ng/mL IL-7 or with antibodies to CD3/CD28 for 6 days in the presence of ARVs. Viral release was measured by ultrasentitive RT-PCR in the supernatant. (B) Viral production in CD4⁺ T cells from IL-7 nonresponders and IL-7 responders in media alone or after IL-7 stimulation, relative to the positive control (CD3/CD28). (C) Expression of the IL-7 receptor (CD127) in CD4⁺ T cells after stimulation with IL-7 or with antibodies to CD3/CD28 was measured by flow cytometry. (D) Effect of IL-7 on the expression of activation and proliferation markers. CD4⁺ T cells from 13 virally suppressed subjects were stimulated with 10 ng/mL IL-7 or with antibodies to CD3/CD28 for 6 days. The levels of expression of Ki67, HLA-DR, and PD-1 on live CD4⁺ T cells were measured by flow cytometry.