NET-loaded mDCs injected in mice induce renal damage. (A) Histopathologic grading of renal damage in mice immunized with mDCs loaded with NET contents, in the presence or absence of DNAse, as well as in mice immunized with mDCs loaded with apoptotic or necrotic PMNs, mDCs, or PMNs alone (n = 9/group). **P < .01 (1-way ANOVA with posttest Dunn correction). ***P < .001. Data are mean ± SD. (B) Histopathology showing renal damage in mice immunized as in panel A. Figure shows hematoxylin and eosin staining and IHC for neutrophil infiltration (GR-1 Ab), and C3 deposition. Only kidneys from mice immunized with DCs loaded with NET components showed extended parenchymal damage with vascular and periglomerular neutrophilic infiltration and complement deposition. This phenotype was prevented in mice immunized with mDCs cocultured with NETs in the presence of DNAse. One representative mouse/group. Scale bars represent 50 μm. Representative autoimmune fas mutant lpr-lpr mice used as positive control for renal damage showing the typical glomerular and interstitial nephritis.