Human hematopoietic engraftment is enhanced in hSCF Tg NSG recipients. (A) hSCF Tg NSG recipients developed progressive anemia as evidenced by reduced hemoglobin concentration compared with non-Tg NSG mice transplanted with human HSCs from the same donor source. (B) Human CD45⁺ chimerism was analyzed over time in PB of hSCF Tg and non-Tg NSG recipients. (C) Representative flow cytometric contour plots demonstrating the presence of human CD45⁺ cells, CD19⁺ B cells, CD33⁺ myeloid cells, CD3⁺ T cells, and CD56⁺CD3⁻ NK cells in recipient BM. (D) At the time of death, engraftment levels of human CD45⁺ cells in the BM, spleen, and PB of hSCF Tg NSG recipients were significantly higher compared with non-Tg NSG controls (BM: hSCF Tg n = 21, non-Tg n = 13, P < .0001; spleen: hSCF Tg n = 21, non-Tg n = 13, P = .0065; PB: hSCF Tg n = 21, non-Tg n = 13, P < .0001). (E) In hSCF Tg NSG recipient BM, significantly greater human CD33⁺ myeloid lineage development was observed (hSCF Tg n = 21, non-Tg n = 13, P = .0002).