A significant increase in urinary Fg after kidney injury in rats and humans. (A) Urinary Fg was compared with tubular injury biomarkers NAG and Kim-1 in rats subjected to 20 minutes of bilateral renal I/R injury (n = 5/group). *P < .05 as determined by Student t test in comparison with sham rats. (B) Urinary Fg was measured in a human cross-sectional study with clinically established multifactorial AKI and/or CKD (n = 25) versus healthy volunteers (n = 25). Magenta line and corresponding number marked by arrow indicate a threshold cutoff value at 95% specificity. (C) ROC comparing the sensitivity and specificity of urinary Fg, NAG, and KIM-1 to distinguish patients with AKI and/or CKD from healthy volunteers.