Progeny of in vitro–expanded NUP98-HOXA10hd–transduced HSC clones continue to expand in vivo and re-expand in vitro. (A) Schematic of the experimental design followed to measure the level of NUP98-HOXA10hd–induced HSCs expansion during 14-day culture in vitro (Δ1), 7-month regeneration in vivo (Δ2), and 6-day re-expansion culture in vitro (Δ3). (B) Bars represent HSC content at the beginning (light gray) and at the end (dark gray) of each expansion period, measured by 1⁰ or 2⁰ LDA CRU assay. Δ1, Δ2, and Δ3 are estimated based on changes in HSC input versus output numbers. (C) Representative peripheral blood FACS plots of primary and secondary recipients transplanted with the progeny of NUP98-HOXA10hd–expanded HSCs, as indicated in panel A.