Rapamycin (Rap) prevents the anti-inflammatory effects of dexamethasone (Dex) in monocytes. Freshly isolated monocytes were pretreated with the indicated amounts of Dex, incubated in the presence or absence of Rap and stimulated with 100 ng/mL LPS. After 20 hours, cell-free supernatants were harvested and measured for (A) IL-12p40, (B) TNF-α, (C) IL-1β, (D) IL-10, and (E) MCP-1 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data are mean ± SEM of 5 independent experiments. *P < .05. (F) Myeloid DCs (mDC) were treated with 100nM Rap, Dex, and LPS as indicated. IL-12p40 in the supernatants was determined after 20 hours. Data are mean ± SEM (n = 3). *P < .05. (G) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of IFN-γ in culture supernatants of allogeneic PBMCs primed for 7 days with the indicated monocytes. Data are mean ± SEM (n = 4). *P < .05. (H) Intracellular cytokine staining of IL-4 and IFN-γ in CD4⁺ T cells from allogeneic PBMCs primed with the indicated monocytes for 7 days and then activated with phorbol myristate acetate and ionomycin for 5 hours. Data are representative of 4 experiments performed.