The proposed effect of 17-DMAG on NF-κB activity. Diagram of NF-κB signaling through the alternative and classic pathways. Classic signaling occurs after stimulation of IKKα/IKKβ heterodimers with inducers, such as TNF-α, interleukin-1, lipopolysaccharide, and CpG oligodeoxynucleotide, to activate p65/p50 complexes. Alternative signaling occurs after stimulation of IKKα homodimers with inducers, such as CD40L and BAFF, to activate RelB/p52 complexes. The proposed level of 17-DMAG intervention with NF-κB signaling is through the down-regulation of IKKα and IKKβ protein levels.