Apoptosis is significantly increased by 17-DMAG. (A) Left: Viability of CLL patient cells (n = 6) treated with vehicle control or increasing doses of 17-DMAG for 24 and 48 hours determined by annexinV/PI (Ann/PI) staining. Ann/PI double-negative cells are considered live cells. Right: Viability of CLL patient cells (n = 7) treated with vehicle control or increasing doses of 17-DMAG or 1μM 17-AAG for 24 and 48 hours determined by MTT assay. (B) Viability of normal B cells (n = 12), T cells (n = 8), and NK cells (n = 8) treated with vehicle control or increasing doses of 17-DMAG for 24 and 48 hours determined by Ann/PI. (C) Normal T cells (i) and B cells (ii) (n = 3) either unstimulated, or stimulated with CD3 (T cells) or CpG (B cells) concurrently or 3 hours before treatment with vehicle control or 1μM 17-DMAG for 24 and 48 hours. Viability is determined by Ann/PI staining, and Ann/PI double-negative cells are considered live cells. The T-cell and B-cell activation is demonstrated by increased CD69 (iii) and CD40 (iv) mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) surface staining, respectively.